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PKOSPECTUS, 


GEOLOGICAL  SURYEY  AND  REPORT 


/] 
GREGORY 


GREGORY    DISTRICT, 


COLORADO    TERRITORY. 


NEW    YORK: 
1  863. 


GRE  GORY 

G-OJL.D    MINING-    COMPANY, 

OF    COLORADO. 
ORGANIZED   UNDER    THE    LAWS    OF    THE    STATE    OF   NEW   YORK. 


CAPITAL    STOCK,  $1,000^00,^^000  SHARES,  PAR  VALUE  $50. 
-*    i-»     t-t 


TRUSTEES. 

EDWARD  MOTT  ROBINSON OF  WM.  T.  COLEMAN  &  Co. 

EDWARD  RO WE PRESIDENT  OF  GROCERS'  BANK. 

A.  W.  GREENLEAF, OF  A.  W.  GREENLEAF  &  Co. 

JOHN  SIMPKINS OF  NEW  YORK. 

JOHN  LEIGHTON OF  BOSTON. 

MOSES  B.  WILDES, OF  BOSTON. 

ALFRED  LOCKWOOD, '. .  OF  LOCKWOOD  &  NORRIS. 

W.  H.   STARBUCK, OF  STARBUCK  &  Co. 

LEWIS  N.  TAPPAN, .  OF  TAPPAN  &  Co..  COLORADO. 


O  F  IP  I  C  E  R  S  . 

PRESIDENT. 

A.    W.     GREENLEAF. 

VICE   PRESIDENT   AND    TREASURER. 

ALFRED      LOCKWOOD 

SECRETARY. 

THOMAS    WILDES. 


COUNSEL. 

WARREN    G.   BROWN. 


PROSPECTUS    AND    REPORT 


GREGORY    GOLD    MINING    COMPANY 


COLORADO. 


This  Company  was  organized  in  due  form  under 
the  laws  of  the  State'  of  New  York,  on  the  twelfth 
day  of  October,  A.  D.  1863,  to  wit: 


OFFICE  OF  THE  SECRETARY  OF  STATE 
OF  THE  STATE 
Albany 


Y  OF  STATE  \ 

OF  NEW  YORK, 
7,  Oct.   14th,   1863.      j 


I  hereby  certify  that  the  Certificate  of  Incorporation 
of  the  Gregory  Gold  Mining  Company,  of  Colorado, 
was  duly  filed  in  the  office  this  day,  and  that  a  ten  cent 
stamp  (U.  S.  Revenue)  was  affixed  to  said  certificate, 

and  duly  cancelled. 

J.  WESLEY  SMITH, 

Deputy  Secretary  of  State. 

The  property  of  the  Company  is  described  in  the 
accompanying  maps,  and  in  the  following  Geological 
Survey  and  Report,  by  C.  P.  Williams,  Esq.,  author  of 


Reports  on  the  following  named  mines :  Perkiomen, 
Michipicoten,  Mandan,  Winthrop,  Madison,  and  the 
Boston  and  Lake  Superior  Mineral  Lands. 


To  THE  TRUSTEES  OF  THE  GREGORY  MINING  COMPANY: 

Gentlemen  —  Whilst  in  Colorado,  in  April  and  May 
last,  I  examined,  at  your  request,  the  property  of  the 
"  Gregory  Gold  Mining  Company,"  and  have  now  the 
honor  of  reporting  to  you  the  results  of  my  observa- 
tions. 

MEANS    OF    ACCESS   TO,    AND-  SITUATION   OF   THE 
PROPERTY. 

The  property  of  the  Gregory  Gold  Mining  Company, 
which  comprises  in  all  over  two  thousand  feet  of  vein- 
length,  together  with  several  important  and  valuable 
tunnel-claim  rights,  three  thousand  feet  of  water-power 
and  a  superior  quartz  mill,  is  mostly  situate  in  the  heart 
of  the  Gregory  district,  being  between  Central  City 
and  Black-Hawk  Point,  (two  thriving  towns  of  Gil- 
pin  County,)  and  the  remainder  on  South  Clear 
Creek,  all  in  Colorado  Territory.  It  is  distant  nearly 
forty  miles  west  from  Denver,  the  chief  city  of  the 
Territory,  and  is  reached  by  two  and  a  half  day's  travel 
from  New  York,  by  rail  to  Atchison,  Kansas,  and 
thence  six  day's  travel  by  a  daily  line  of  coaches, 
carrying  the  United  States  Mail,  passengers,  and 
express,  to  Colorado. 


The  following  are  the  specific  details  of  the  posses- 
sions of  the  Company : 

One  mill  site  on  North  Clear  Creek,  near  Black- 
Hawk  Point,  together  with  a  superior  steam  quartz 
mill,  with  office  and  other  buildings. 

Three  building  lots,  measuring  forty  feet  by  one 
hundred  feet  each,  fronting  on  the  above  mentioned 
mill  site. 

All  of  gold  mining  claims  (one  hundred  feet  each), 
numbers  nine,  ten,  and  eleven,  east  on  the  Fisk  Lode, 
and  also  the  east  fifty  feet  on  claim  number  sixteen, 
east  on  said  lode  together  with  an  undivided  half  in- 
terest in  a  road  leading  to  said  claims. 

Fifty  feet  each  of  claims  numbers  three  and  sixteen, 
and  two  claims  of  one  hundred  feet  each,  being 
numbers  seventeen  and  thirty,  west  on  the  Bobtail 
Lode. 

Fifty  feet  of  claim  number  seven,  west  on  the  Cotton 
Lode. 

Fifty  feet  of  claim  number  one,  east  on  the  Galena 
Lode. 

Four  hundred  feet  on  the  Gregory  Extension  Lode, 

Fifty  feet  of  claim  number  one  east  on  the  Michi- 
gan Lode. 

East  fifty  feet  on  claim  number  four,  east  on  the 
Tucker  Lode. 

Four  hundred  feet  on  the  Gregory  Second  Lode 
(known  as  the  Tascher  Tunnel  Claims). 


Eight  hundred  feet,  being  claims  numbers  one,  two, 
three,  four,  five,  six,  seven,  and  eight,  east  on  the 
Torrington  Lode. 

One  hundred  feet,  being  claim  number  one,  west 
on  the  Waterport  Lode. 

Two  hundred  feet,  being  claims  numbers  nine  and 
ten,  west  on  the  Elephant  Lode. 

One  hundred  feet  on  the  Whale  Lode,  known  as 
the  Discovery  Claim. 

Twenty-two  hundred  feet  of  water-power  on  South 
Clear  Creek. 

Nine  hundred  feet  of  water-power  in  Grass  Valley, 
on  South  Clear  Creek. 

Seven  hundred  and  fifty  feet  of  Bar  Mining  Claims 
on  South  Clear  Creek. 

Six  shares,  of  one  thousand  dollars  each,  of  the 
capital  stock  of  the  Corporation  styled  the  Bobtail 
Tunnel  Company. 

One  tunnel  claim  and  privileges,  located  in  the 
same  hill  as  the  "  Bobtail  Tunnel,"  and  five  hundred 
feet  distant  from  the  same. 

One  tunnel  claim  and  privileges  situated  near  the 
junction  of  North  Clear  Creek  and  Chase's  Gulch, 
intended  to  open  up  another  series  of  gold-bearing 
veins. 

One  hundred  feet,  being  claim  number  two,  west 
on  the  Enterprise  Lode.  (Extension  of  the  Running 
Lode. 


GEOLOGICAL   AND  TOPOGRAPHICAL   FEATURES   AND 
VEIN-PHENOMENA. 

The  claims  have  been  judiciously  selected,  compris- 
ing possessions  on  the  most  noted  veins  of  the  region, 
such  as  the  Bobtail,  Cotton,  Fisk,  Gregory  Second  and 
Gregory  extension  lodes,  which  have  given  results 
seldom  equalled  and  never  excelled  in  the  history  of 
mining  operations ;  the  value  and  permanency  in 
depth  of  their  richness  being  indicated,  to  a  strong 
degree  of  positiveness,  by  the  facts  developed  by 
vigorous  exploitations  on  them. 

In  general  terms,  these  metalliferous  occurrences,  as 
well  as  all  others  of  the  Colorado  gold  region,  are  to  be 
described  as  true  or  fissure  veins,  having  a  course  of 
N.  N.  E.  and  S.  S.  W.  with  a  great  angle  of  dip  to  the 
N.  N.  W.  The  walls,  or  inclosing  rocks,  are  in  most 
instances  of  granite ;  the  geological  formation  of  the 
country  being  made  up  of  heavy  masses  of  that  rock, 
intercalated  with  micaceous,  hornblendic  and  argillaceous 
slates.  It  is  a  fact  of  much  encouragement  to  those 
interested  in  operations  in  this  region  that  the  bounding 
rocks  of  the  veins  are  so  well  defined  in  character,  the 
mineral  lodes  or  their  contents  never  losing  themselves 
in  the  rocks  of  the  country,  but  being  plainly  separated 
therefrom  by  marked  walls,  between  which  all  the 
metallic  ores  and  vein-stones  of  the  region  are  contained. 
This  remarkable  degree  of  regularity  in  and  parallelism 
of  their  lodes  are  excellent  indications  of  their  persist- 
ency in  their  depth,  as  all  analogy  plainly  teaches. 

The  gangue,  or  vein-stone,  of  the  lodes  is  a  coarsely 


granular  quartz,  intimately  mixed  with  iron  and  copper 
pyrites  and,  in  a  few  cases,  with  galena,  or  sulphid  of 
lead;  this  latter  being  invariably  argentiferous  in  a 
marked  degree.  It  appears  that  in  most  of  the  veins 
the  sulphid  of  iron  is  in  a  great  measure  replaced 
in  depth  by  the  yellow  sulphid  of  copper,  and  that 
in  direct  relation  to  this  replacement  the  contents  of 
the  vein-fissures  become  more  highly  auriferous ;  an 
important  point  upon  which  I  fully  satisfied  myself  by 
direct  chemical  assay,  as  well  as  by  collecting  details  of 
the  yields  of  the  vein -stuff,  at  various  crushing  mills. 
The  veins  vary  in  thickness  from  a  mere  seam  up  to 
some  twenty  feet,  with  the  intimate  mixture  of  ore  and 
gangue  throughout  the  whole  width.  This  variation  in 
the  thickness  of  the  veins  is  often  an  annoying 
circumstance,  more  especially  when  the  continuation  of 
the  lode  is  only  marked  by  a  thin  seam  of  ore  and  vein- 
stone. Under  such  circumstances,  in  the  local  parlance 
of  the  country,  the  vein  is  said  to  have  "capped  over" 
and  the  wall-rock  is  denominated  the  "  cap."  In  many 
instances,  in  opening  mines,  this  cap  or  unproductive 
rock  has  proven  a  serious  barrier  in  sinking  shafts,  and 
operations  on  rich  and  profitable  veins  have  been 
abandoned  or  suspended  for  want  of  sufficient  capital  to 
work  through  and  reach  a  point  in  depth  where  the 
vein  again  widens  out,  for  it  has  been  demonstrated  that 
by  following  the  lode  in  either  a  vertical  or  horizontal 
direction  the  walls  again  open,  and  that,  when  the  cap 
has  been  cut  through,  the  vein  in  depth  carries  richer 
and  more  productive  ores. 

The  topographical  features  of  the  district  are  of  a 


9 


character  to  be  exceedingly  favorable  to  the  economical 
working  of  the  mines.  A  series  of  irregularly  disposed 
hills,  separated  by  narrow  valleys,  and  rising  above 
these  latter,  at  an  angle  of  about  twenty-five  degrees,  to 
a  height  ranging  from  five  hundred  to  a  thousand  feet, 
afford  fine  facilities  for  the  advantageous  working  and 
un watering  of  the  veins  by  deep 

ADITS    OR   TUNNELS. 

By  a  law  regulating  such  tunnel  claims,  the  parties 
driving  the  gallery  are  entitled  to  two  hundred  and  fifty 
feet,  horizontal  measure,  from  each  side  of  the  tunnel, 
upon  the  course  of  any  lode  that  may  be  cut,  and  to  the 
privilege  of  working  the  same  to  an  indefinite  depth. 

Included  in  the  property  of  the  Gregory  Gold 
Mining  Company  are  two  such  tunnel  claims,  besides 
an  interest  of  six  shares  in  a  third,  which  will  intersect, 
at  various  depths,  some  of  the  most  valuable  lodes  of 
the  district,  as  well  as  show,  in  all  probability,  the 
existence  of  other  valuable  gold-bearing  deposits.  Two 
of  these  tunnels  are  through  the  famous  Bobtail  Hill, 
one  of  them  being  in  but  a  few  feet  whilst  the  other  has 
already  been  driven  some  two  hundred  feet,  and  is  now 
being  rapidly  pushed  toward  completion  by  some  of  the 
heaviest  capitalists  and  most  successful  miners  of  the 
region.  The  advantages  of  these  are  too  apparent  to 
any  one  familiar  with  the  system  of  working  mines  by 
deep  adits  to  require  any  further  notice  in  this  report. 
I  will,  however,  state  that  these  tunnels  will  cut  the 
Jenny  Lind,  Wells,  Ground  Hog,  Culvert,  Fisk, 
2 


10 


Michigan,  Jersey,  Cotton,  Bobtail,  Nemaha,  and  Bluff 
lodes.  The  work  already  done  on  them  has  added 
three  new  veins  to  the  list  of  those  now  known  to  occur 
in  the  line  of  the  tunnels. 


SPECIAL   DESCRIPTION   OF  VEINS. 

FISK  LODE.  —  The  rights  of  your  Company  are 
vested  in  three  hundred  and  fifty  feet  of  this  vein. 
Considerable  labor  has  been  expended,  with  very 
encouraging  results.  This  lode  is  generally  considered 
one  of  the  very  richest  in  the  mountains.  The  finest 
specimens  of  quartz  and  gold  have  been  taken  out  of 
this  lode.  Mr.  Shumer,  who  has  been  for  some 
time  past  engaged  in  working  the  Fisk  on  claim 
No.  1,  S.  W.,  thus  speaks  of  his  results:  —  "In 
January,  1859,  there  were  taken  out,  by  sluice 
and  pan,  about  $3,000,  some  of  the  dirt  paying  as 
much  as  $15  to  the  pan.  From  six  bushels,  $96, 
exclusive  of  headings  and  tailings,  were  taken.  In 

1860,  while   still  working  on  surface   rock,  the  yield 
was   $578   to   the   cord.      The  decomposed   vein-stuff 
was  cut  through  at  a   depth  of  thirty   feet,   the   iron 
pyrites    being  then  struck  at  a  point  where  the  vein 
had  a  width  of  eight  feet,  and  where  it  yielded  from 
$150  to  $400  to  the  cord  without  any  selection.     In 

1861,  the  vein  had  closed  up  again,  but  the  cap  had 
a  thickness  of  twelve  feet  only  ;  on  entering  the  vein- 
stuff  again,  it  gave  a  yield  ranging  between  $100  and 
$400  to  the  cord."    It  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  these 
results   have   been   obtained   with  the  very  imperfect 


11 


system  of  treatment  still  in  use  in  the  Territory,  by 
which  fully  sixty  per  cent  of  the  yield  is  wasted  in  the 
tailings.  The  improvements  in  the  processes  now  being 
introduced,  by  which  most  of  the  yield  can  be  saved, 
will  give  still  better  results ;  for  assays  made  of  the 
vein-matter  from  the  Fisk  show  it  to  be  of  the  very 
richest  description.  One  of  the  tunnels,  before  de- 
scribed, will  intersect  this  vein  near  the  western  limit  of 
your  three  hundred  feet,  at  a  depth  of  two  hundred  and 
seventy  feet  from  the  surface  of  the  hill,  after  having 
been  driven  in  about  three  hundred  feet.  This  will 
give  a  rich  back  of  stoping  ground,  which  will  be 
unwatered  without  necessitating  any  pumping,  and  the 
product  from  which  can  be  most  economically  and 
expeditiously  handled  through  the  adit  or  tunnel  level. 
THE  COTTON  LODE  is  apparently  a  branch  or  fissure 
line,  subordinate  to  that  of  the  Bobtail,  and  most 
probably  intersects  the  main  vein  in  the  immediate 
vicinity  of  the  shaft  on  claim  No.  3  of  that  lode. 
According  to  the  phenomena  of  the  intersection  of 
mineral  veins  in  the  most  classical  mining  region,  an 
enrichment  of  contents  is  almost  without  exception 
found  to  be  the  case.  You  will  be  safe  in  expecting 
at  this  point  of  intersection,  that  a  concentration  of 
ore  will  take  place,  and  that,  either  in  one  or  both 
of  the  veins,  heavy  masses  of  it  will  be  found.  In 
character,  the  vein-stuff  of  the  Cotton  approximates 
very  closely  to  that  from  the  Bobtail,  being  very 
highly  cupriferous  and  rich  in  the  purple  copper 
ore  (erubescite).  Its  yield  is  said  to  compare  most 
favorably  with  that  of  the  Bobtail  lode,  but  on  this 


12 


point  I  cannot  speak  authoritively ;  but  can  only  say 
that  the  most  experienced  miners  universally  express 
a  high  opinion  of  the  value  of  the  Cotton  ;  and,  as 
far  as  my  personal  knowledge  —  predicated  upon  the 
regularity  and  general  character  of  the  vein-matter  — 
permits  me  to  speak  with  a  degree  of  positiveness, 
I  can  cheerfully  and  candidly  indorse  that  high 
opinion. 

GALENA  AND  MICHIGAN  LODES. — I  did  not  examine 
the  workings  on  any  of  the  claims  of  these  and  some 
other  lodes,  and  can  therefore  assert  nothing  of  their 
characters  and  values. 

GREGORY  EXTENSION  LODE.  —  This  is  a  north-easterly 
prolongation  of  the  famous  Gregory  vein,  —  the  earliest 
opened  and  worked  in  the  region  and  one  of  the  most 
productive,  —  presenting  all  its  characteristic  features 
and  being  of  equal  richness.  The  claims  of  the 
Gregory  Gold  Mining  Company  on  it  are  very 
advantageously  situated  for  the  economical  exploita- 
tion of  any  mine  that  may  be  opened  on  them,  being 
in  close  proximity  to  the  stamping  mill.  The  vein  is 
developed  to  the  maximum  depth  of  one  hundred  and 
ten  feet,  is  a  well  denned  and  promising  one,  having 
a  mean  width  of  three  feet.  The  vein-matter  has 
been  treated  to  some  extent  in  the  stamp  mill  and 
gave  an  average  yield  of  about  $300  per  cord.  In 
some  instances,  however,  the  results  were  even  better 
than  this,  amounting  to  upwards  of  $700  per  cord  of 
ore. 


LONGITUDINAL   SECTION  OF  WORKINGS  ON  GREGORY  2"?  LODE 
WHITE  PORT/ONS  REPRESENT  GftOU.VD  STOPED. 


SoaJe,50  feet  -  I  infch. 


13 


GREGORY  SECOND  LODE.  —  The  accompanying  dia- 
gram will  represent  the  extent  of  the  openings  in  this 
vein,  a  parallel  one  with  the  Gregory  and  named 
from  its  resemblance  of  its  vein-stuff  to  that  from  it. 

The  vein-matter  of  these  openings,  (which,  as  can 
be  seen  by  the  Diagram,  has  been  sufficiently  extensive 
to  show  the~  value  of  the  vein),  yielded  two  hundred 
to  three  hundred  dollars  per  cord.  Following  is  a 
statement  of  the  proprietors  of  the  Idahoe  Mill,  who 
crushed  quartz  from  your  mine  : 

This  is  to  certify,  that  in  the  month  of  September, 
186'^,  we,  the  undersigned,  then  doing  a  Milling 
business  in  Gregory  District,  did  crush  the  Iron  Pyrites 
from  the  Tunnel  known  as  the  Gregory  Second  or 
Tascher  Tunnel,  the  result  of  which  was,  as  taken  from 
our  book  kept  at  the  time,  three  hundred  and  eighty- 
three  T4^  dollars  to  one  and  three-fourths  cords,  or  two 
hundred  and  nineteen  -f^  dollars  per  cord. 

CABBINE,  SUBER  &  TESSON. 

Attest : 
WM.  TRAIN  Mum. 

JULY  2,   1863. 


STATEMENT  OF  PRACTICAL  MINERS. 

This  is  to  certify  that  we,  the  undersigned,  have 
worked  during  the  year  1862,  on  what  is  commonly 
known  as  the  Gregory  Second  or  "  Tascher  Tunnel," 
and  at  the  time  of  its  being  worked  it  was  in  good 
working  condition,  and  that  the  iron,  or  quartz,  was 


14 


more  than  thirty  inches  wide  and  at  a  depth  of  one 
hundred  and  forty  feet.  We  further  state  that  the 
shafts  are  through  the  cap  rock,  and  that  the  Tunnel  is 
now  in  working  condition,  being  down  more  than  one 
hundred  and  forty  feet  in  two  shafts,  making  a  drift  of 
about  one  hundred  feet.  Given  under  our  hands  and 
seals,  this  second  day  of  July,  A.  D.  1863. 

WILLIAM  BURK.      [i.  s.] 

JOHN  TIERNEY.       [i.  s.] 

Attest : 

ROSWELL    HUTCHINS. 


COLOBADO,  MAY  IST,   1863. 

This  is  to  certify,  that  we,  the  undersigned,  have 
worked  the  mine  known  as  the  Tascher  Tunnel,  the 
same  being  located  on  the  Gregory  Second  Lode,  and 
that  we  have  obtained  from  said  mine  thirty  thousand 
dollars  during  the  time  which  we  worked  it,  being 
about  five  or  six  months. 

The  said  mine  is  now  in  excellent  condition,  and 
must  produce  large  pay. 

Yours  very  truly, 

DALTON  &  BATES. 

THE  GALENA  LODE  has  for  some  time  been  exploited 
for  the  Galena  or  sulphid  of  lead  contained  in  it, 
as  well  as  for  the  iron  and  copper  pyrites  •  —  all 
containing  gold  to  a  greater  or  less  extent.  It  is 
one  of  the  best  defined  lodes  in  Colorado,  being  con- 
tained plainly  between  walls  of  granite,  which  are 


15 


polished,  and  separated  from  the  vein-matter  by  flucans 
of  pure  white  argillaceous  matter.  Everywhere  these 
flucans  are  regarded  as  an  indication  of  good  lodes, 
and  are  phenomena  peculiar  to  true  or  fissure  veins 
which  have  never  been  exhausted  or  sensibly  dimin- 
ished in  richness  at  any  depth  yet  attained  in  mining 
operations. 


BOBTAIL  LODE.  —  The  results  obtained  by  opera- 
tions on  this  vein  are  of  the  most  brilliant  character. 
It  has  therefore  come  to  be  regarded  as  the  most 
valuable  mineral  occurrence  yet  opened  in  Colorado 
Territory.  Your  interests  are  in  claims  three,  sixteen, 
seventeen,  and  thirty,  on  the  first  of  which  a  shaft  has 
been  sunk  to  the  depth  of  ninety  feet  through  good 
productive  ground,  developing  a  vein  with  an  average 
width  of  nearly  five  feet.  The  remaining  three  claims 
have  not  been  worked.  An  adjoining  one,  that  belong- 
ing to  Mr.  Field,  has  been  successfully  and  profitably 
mined,  producing  vein-stuff  which  has  given  an  average 
yield  of  some  two  hundred  and  sixty  dollars  per  cord 
(of  one  hundred  and  twenty-eight  cubic  feet),  without 
preliminary  assorting.  The  cost  of  mining  this  amount 
of  ground  may  be  summed  up  as  follows : 

Men's  wages  per  cord  of  ore 846  75 

Powder,  fuse,  candles,  etc.,  per  cord 7  04 

Total $53  79 

The  expenses  attending  the  treatment  of  the  same 
amount  of  ore  in  the  stamping  mill,  and  the  extraction 


16 


of  the  gold  by  the  ordinary  processes  in  use,  are  as 
follows  : 

Men's  wages  per  cord  .     .  .     .     .......     $11  00 

Fuel                   "       "        .  ......     ....       5   50 

Oil,  Candles,  etc.,  per  cord  ..........     125 

Wear  and  tear         "       "  ..........       3  00 


Total  ...............     $20  75 


Or,  in  the  aggregate  : 


Mining  one  cord  of  ore       ..........     $53   79 

Stamping  and  amalgamating     .........     20   75 


Total  cost $74  54 

Leaving  a  margin  for  profit  of  about  one  hundred  and 
eighty-five  dollars  for  every  cord  of  vein-stuff  removed 
from  this  lode. 

THE  MILL  PROPERTY  belonging  to  your  Company 
is  situated  on  North  Clear  Creek,  near  Black-Hawk 
adjacent  to  the  mining  property  and  in  the  heart  of 
Gregory  district.  It  is  a  commodious  and  substantially 
constructed  building,  containing  twelve  heads  of  stamps, 
each  head  weighing  five  hundred  pounds.  The  effective 
power  of  the  mill,  in  its  present  condition,  is  equal  to 
one  and  a  quarter  or  one  and  a  half  cords  of  quartz  per 
day.*  The  engine  is  in  excellent  running  order  and  will 
perform  good  duty.  An  ample  supply  of  water  can  be 
obtained  from  the  stream  running  through  the  gulch. 
In  fact,  during  certain  months  of  the  year,  so  abundant 
is  this  supply  that  it  will  furnish  sufficient  power  to 
drive  the  stamps,  should  it  be  thought  desirable.  The 
amalgamating  plates  and  other  apparatus  are  all  in 

*  The  capacity  of  the  mill  will  be  increased  so  as  to  crush  six  cords  per  day. 


17 


excellent  condition.  The  location  of  the  mill  is  such  as 
to  necessitate  the  hauling  of  the  products  of  the  veins 
for  only  a  short  distance  ;  in  fact,  one  of  the  veins, 
the  Gregory  Extension,  lies  directly  under  the  mill. 
This  is  an  important  consideration,  since,  in  many 
instances  in  the  country,  the  cost  of  hauling  the  ore 
from  the  mines  to  the  mill  amounts  to  sixteen  dollars 
per  cord.  It  may  be  well  to  state  that  an  excellent 
road  has  already  been  constructed  from  Black  Hawk  to 
your  property  on  the  Bobtail  Hill,  the  expenses  of 
which  have  been  equally  borne  by  your  Company  and 
one  other. 

From  the  above  facts,  given  in  relation  to  the  yield  of 
the  lodes,  it  will  be  seen  that  by  skilful  management, 
the  employment  of  sufficient  capital,  and  a  due  regard 
for  the  principles  of  mining  economics,  the  chances  of 
successfully  opening  profitable  mines  are  of  the  most 
promising  character. 

I  know  of  no  claims  upon  which,  an  equal  amount  of 
work  being  performed,  the  chances  are  any  better,  and 
none  which  are  more  worthy  of  a  thorough  and 
systematic  exploitation. 

Congratulatiug  the  stockholders  upon  the  great  value 
of  this  property,  I  remain 

Your  obedient  servant, 

CHARLES  P.  WILLIAMS, 

Chemist  and  Mining  Geologist. 


18 


LODES  AND  CLAIMS. 

A  lode  is  a  vein  or  fissure,  extending  from  the 
surface  to  an  indefinite  depth,  being  nearly  perpen- 
dicular. On  the  surface,  they  vary  from  a  few  inches 
to  many  feet  in  width.  These  lodes  are  divided  into 
sections  of  one  hundred  feet  in  length,  called  "  claims," 
and  numbered  from  the  claim  on  which  gold  was  first 
discovered.  To  show  the  value  of  some  of  the  claims, 
we  would  refer  to  the  experience  of  Mr.  John  F.  Field, 
who  has  taken  over  two  hundred  thousand  dollars  from 
a  claim  of  only  thirty-three  feet.  It  is  now  considered 
as  valuable  as  it  ever  was.  In  fact,  the  almost  invaria- 
ble experience  is,  that  the  deeper  a  claim  is  mined  the 
richer  is  the  quartz. 

METHOD   OF   MINING  AND   EXTRACTING   GOLD 
FROM   THE  ORE. 

The  most  economical  method  of  mining  is  by  means 
of  tunnelling  into  the  mountain  in  a  horizontal  direction, 
striking  the  lodes  or  veins  at  a  great  depth  from  the 
surface ;  but  the  more  general  method  is  to  sink  shafts 
(usually  five  by  ten  feet)  perpendicularly  from  the  surface, 
on  the  lode,  and  lifting  the  gold-bearing  quartz  by 
by  means  of  a  windlass  or  steam  power.  The  quartz 
is  taken  to  the  mills  and  fed  to  the  stamps  (each 
weighing  500  pounds)  as  fast  as  required ;  when  pul- 
verized, it  flows  with  the  water  through  fine  wire 
screens  or  sieves  out  upon  tables  covered  with  sheet 
copper,  the  copper  being  first  washed  with  quicksilver. 


19 


As  it  passes  down  these  long  tables  the  quicksilver  takes 
up  the  small  particles  of  gold  and  the  sand  or  "  tail- 
ings "  flow  off ;  the  amalgam  is  then  scraped  off  the 
table  and  retorted,  the  quicksilver  passing  off  from  the 
gold  in  the  form  of  a  vapor  and  is  condensed  and  again 
used  upon  the  tables. 

NEW  AND  STARTLING  IMPROVEMENTS.  —  By  the  above 
described  process  the  miners  have  so  far  saved  but  a 
small  proportion  of  the  gold  contained  in  the  quartz. 
The  tailings  have  been  proved  to  contain  a  large 
amount  of  gold,  and  considerable  attention  has  been 
directed  to  the  subject  of  how  to  prevent  this  loss. 

By  the  new  process,  the  "  Friesburgh  or  Washoe 
pans,"  the  tailings  have  been  found  to  pay  better  than 
the  original  quartz.  The  tailings  are  now  all  saved  by 
the  miners,  and  large  returns  are  being  obtained  from 
them.  Mines  which  have  paid  well  when  but  a  small 
proportion  of  the  gold  has  been  saved,  must  clearly  pay 
handsomely  upon  the  introduction  of  the  new  inven- 
tions. 

The  following  will  illustrate  the  value  and  impor- 
tance of  the  new  process.  Mr.  Sykes,  a  practical 
miner,  informs  us  that  a  lot  of  inferior  tailing  from 
quartz  was  made  to  yield,  by  the  new  process,  $669.20, 
when  the  original  quartz  paid  but  $230 ;  thus  this  large 
percentage  was  saved  from  tailing  which  a  year 
ago  would  have  been  thrown  away  as  worthless.  This 
new  discovery  completely  revolutionizes  the  art  of  min- 
ing, greatly  enhancing  the  value  of  mines,  and  materi- 
ally adding  to  the  amount  of  shipments  of  the  precious 
metal. 


20 


GOLD. 

The  gold  crop  of  Colorado  has  steadily  and  rapidly 
increased,  as  follows  :  — For  the  year  1861,  six  millions 
of  dollars  ;  1862,  eleven  millions  ;  and  during  the 
present  year  the  yield  is  in  proportion  of  over  twenty 
millions  of  dollars  per  annum. 

This  domain  which  so  unexpectedly  and  perpetually 
contributes  millions  of  dollars  to  the  machinery  of  trade 
and  wealth  of  the  world,  gradually  restoring  the  cur- 
rency to  a  metallic   basis,  was,  up  to  within  the   last 
five    years,    uninhabited    and    contributing    nothing  — 
either    by   taxable    property    or   its    products    to    the 
United   States    Treasury.     At   the  present  time,  it  is 
the  only  mining  region  on  the  continent,  contributing 
an   equal   amount  of  revenue,  that  is  not  effected  by 
foreign  capital.     Every  dollar  is  invested  by  Americans, 
and,  until  the  present  year,  by  residents  of  the  Terri- 
tory.    The  production  of  gold  is  a  subject  of  impor- 
tance, not  only  for  its  financial  and  commercial  aspects, 
but  in  its  political  and  social  relation.     Although  the 
foreign  capitalist  is  not  represented  in  Colorado,  foreign 
bone  and  sinew  are.     In  the  front  ranks  of  progress, 
represented    by    immigration,   we   find   representatives 
from  most  every  part  of  the  old  world.     The  enormous 
premium   on   gold,  —  the    improved    facilities    in   the 
process   for    extracting   the    precious    metal   from   the 
ore,  —  all  tend  to  invite  the  attention  of  the  working 
classes  as  well  as  capitalists  to  the  new  land  of  gold. 

It  should  be  remembered  that  Colorado  is  interme- 
diate  between   the    oceans,   in   the  very  heart  of  the 


21 


American  continent,  loyal  and  true  to  the  Federal 
Government,  —  as  inseparable  and  firm  to  the  Union 
as  her  towering  peaks  are  with  the  continent  which 
supports  them  in  their  grandeur.  Foreign  wars  may 
desolate  and  wrench  from  us  the  gold-producing  State 
of  the  Pacific,  already  she  is  flanked  on  either  side 
by  foreign  and  antagonistic  powers,  —  busily  engaged 
in  erecting  naval  depots  and  evincing  a  preparation  for 
war.  With  Colorado  it  would  be  as  difficult  to  drive 
her  people  out  of  the  mountain  fastnesses,  as  it  has 
been  to  drive  the  natives  of  Switzerland  from  their 
homes. 

THE  UNITED  STATES  BRANCH  MINT,  established  in 
Denver  City,  is  already  in  successful  operation.  No 
risk  is  feared  in  the  shipment  of  gold  to  New  York, 
from  the  fact  that  certificates  of  deposit  are  given  which 
are  drafts  on  any  U.  S.  Mint,  payable  in  gold  on 
presentation. 

The  following  extract  is  from  Gov.  EVANS'  MESSAGE  TO  THE 
LEGISLATIVE  ASSEMBLY  OF  COLORADO. 

"  Before  closing,  however,  allow  me  to  congratulate 
you  upon  the  rapidly  accumulating  evidences  of  the 
natural  resources  of  Colorado  Territory.  To  the  extent 
and  richness  of  her  mines,  to  the  exceedingly  nutritious 
pasturage  of  her  plains,  and  the  fertility  of  her  valleys, 
I  may  be  allowed  to  make  a  passing  reference. 

"It  is  estimated  by  those  best  informed  on  the 
subject,  that  the  gold  product  of  the  present  will  be  at 


22 


least  double  that  of  any  former  year ;  *  and  that  the 
gold  mining  country  has  as  yet  been  but  partially 
prospected.  New  and  rich  discoveries  are  constantly 
being  made  ;  the  art  of  mining  is  daily  being  improved 
nd  adapted  to  the  peculiarities  of  our  mines ;  while  an 
annual  increase  of  the  home  supply  of  the  necessaries 
of  life  is  tending  to  diminish  the  expense  of  living  *  * 

•'  The  ore  is  principally  composed  of  the  sulphuret  of 
iron  (iron  pyrites).  That  which  yields  twelve  dollars 
per  ton  pays  expenses.  That  in  most  of  the  lodes  now 
worked,  pays  on  an  average  three  times  that  amount, 
while  in  some  instances  it  yields  one  hundred  and  fifty, 
two  hundred,  and  even  as  high  as  five  hundred  dollars 
per  ton,  treated  by  the  stamping  process.  This  ore 
yields,  upon  analysis,  from  three  to  six  times  as  much 
gold  as  can  be  saved  by  the  crushers,  giving  in  some 
instances  even  what  appears  to  be  fabulous  results. f  A 
rule  in  working  the  mines  that  seems  to  be  very 
uniform,  and  commands  general  confidence  among 
miners,  is,  that  the  deeper  the  mine  is  penetrated,  the 
richer  the  ore  becomes. 


*A  careful  inquiry  as  to  the  present  product  of  the  mills  and  mines  in  a  circle 
of  three  miles  in  the  Gregory  district,  places  it  at  $95,000  per  week,  or  at  a  rate 
of  nearly  $5,000,000  per  annum  ;  and  it  is  said  to  be  steadily  increasing.  [Esti- 
mate for  1861.]  [The  product  of  the  Colerado  Mines  for  the  year  1862,  was 
$12,000,000.  At  the  present  time,  the  yield  is  at  the  rate  of  $18,000,000  per 
annum.] 

fDr.  D.  W.  King,  of  Empire  City,  Ass't  Surgeon  2d  Reg't  Col.  Vols.,  has 
made  many  analyses  of  this  ore,  using  one  oz.  of  pulverized  pyrites  each  time, 
with  results  varying  from  three  hundred  and  twenty  to  two  thousand  two  hun- 
dred and  forty  dollars  per  ton.  Other  analyses,  with  equally  favorable  results, 
have  been  reported  to  me  as  having  been  made  by  various  other  parties. 


23 


PROFITS  OF  MINING. 

It  is  contemplated  to  increase  the  present  number  of 
stamps  to  fifty,  and  to  introduce  about  twenty  Friesburgh 
pans.  By  means  of  the  increase  of  stamps  alone  the 
estimated  annual  profit,  on  the  basis  of  Mr.  Williams' 
report,  will  be  over  $300,000 ;  calculating  the  quartz 
yielding  only  $175  per  cord,  we  have  a  profit  of  over 
$150,000  per  annum;  and  should  the  "new  process" 
save  a  hundred  per  cent  more  gold  than  the  stamping 
process  does  (as  it  is  generally  believed  it  will),  the 
yield  would  be  immense.*  In  none  of  the  above  cal- 
culations has  the  premium  on  gold  been  taken  into 
consideration.  The  above  estimate  is  also  made  on  ore 
yielding  two  hundred  and  fifty  dollars  per  cord,  or 
thirty -one  dollars  per  ton.  The  following  analysis,  by 
Prof.  Kent,  of  the  U.  S.  Assay  Office,  N.  Y.,  proves 
that  some  of  the  ore  is  almost  fabulously  rich. 

NEW  YORK,  June  10,  1863. 
GREGORY  GOLD  MINING  Co  : 

The  samples  of  gold  ores  from  Colorado,  assayed  for 
you  this  day,  contained  as  follows : 

Mint  value  per  ton,]  of 2000  Ibs. 

Bobtail  Lode $714  46 

•  *  By  a  sworn  statement  of  Messrs.  Lee,  Judd  &  Lee,  whose  principal  mines 
are  on  the  same  lodes  as  the  Gregory  Company's,  we  learn  that  their  net  profits  in 
gold,  for  six  months  ending  July  1st,  was  $67,191.00.  The  value  of  uncrushed 
quartz  on  hand  is  estimated  at  three  hundred  and  twenty  thousand  dollars. 

f  In  Colorado,  quartz  is  generally  estimated  by  the  cord,  weighing  from  eight 
to  ten  tons. 


Gregory  Extension 224  88 

Gregory  2d 155  09 

Fisk  Lode 341  21 

The  sample  marked  "  Bobtail "  contains  also  twenty- 
eight  per  cent  of  pure  copper.  The  gold  in  these  ores 
is  in  very  fine  particles,  not  visible  to  the  naked  eye. 

Yours,  very  respectfully, 

EDWARD  N.  KENT. 


[Extract  from  Prof.  Kent's  Letter  to  Boston  Mining  Company.] 

ASSAYS    OF    COLORADO    ORES    BY    PROF.    EDWARD    N. 
KENT,  OF  THE  U.  S.  ASSAY  OFFICE,  NEW  YORK. 

"  During  my  stay  in  Colorado  I  made  several  assays 
of  mill  products,  the  results  of  which  appeared  to  be 
almost  incredible.  I  have  therefore  repeated  the  assays 
since  my  return  upon  twenty-five  different  samples 
which  I  brought  home  with  me.  These  assays  have 
corroborated  those  made  before  (under  rather  unfavor- 
able circumstances,  incident  to  a  new  country),  and  I 
have  found  the  average  value  of  the  mill  products,  as 
now  made,  to  be  as  follows : 

Tailings,  $34.74  per  ton  of  2,000  Ibs. 
Blanketings,  $86.84     "  " 

Panmngs,  $3.31  per  lb.,  avoidupois. 

As  to  the  extent  of  the  gold  mines  of  Colorado,  I 
am  not  prepared  to  give  an  estimate,  as  I  found  enough 
to  fully  employ  my  time  within  a  radius  of  five  miles  of 
Central  City,  but  as  to  the  richness  of  them,  I  have  no 
hesitation  in  saying  that  I  believe  them  to  be  the  richest 
ever  discovered.  With  science,  capital,  and  a  Pacific 


25 


railroad,  Colorado  is  destined,  in  my  opinion,  to  rival  or 
supersede  California  and  Australia,  and  become  the  El 

Dorado  of  the  West. 
i 

Very  respectfully, 

Your  ob't  servant, 

EDWARD  N.  KENT." 


OPINION  OF  MESSRS.  LYON,  PULLMAN  &  CO. 

CENTRAL  CITY,  COLORADO  TERRITORY, 
MAY  12,  1863. 

The  "  Bobtail  and  Gregory  "  lodes  are  at  present  re- 
garded as  the  most  productive  and  profitable  mines  of 
this  district.  These  two  lodes,  as  far  as  they  have  been 
worked,  have  had  the  benefit  of  a  greater  amount  of 
capital  than  most  other  lodes,  and  have  therefore  been 
developed  to  a  greater  exent,  and,  in  most  instances, 
with  highly  remunerative  results. 

The  Fiske  lode  has  been  known,  almost  from  its  dis- 
covery, as  a  very  rich  lode,  and  has  produced  a  consid- 
erable amount  of  gold.  Its  productiveness  has  been 
very  much  retarded  by  the  general  want  of  capital  in 
this  country.  We  regard  it  as  prospectively  one  of  the 
richest  lodes  in  this  section.  Its  situation  in  the  imme- 
diate vicinity  of  the  two  noted  lodes  above  named, 
would  seem  to  indicate  a  certainty  as  to  its  richness 
when  properly  worked. 

The  same  may  be  said  of  the  "  Bates,"  "  Hunter," 
"  Mammoth,"  "  Gregory  2d,"  "  Gregory  Extenson,"  and 

4 


26 


other  lodes,  all  of  which  are  on  the  same  ranges  of 
hills,  and  of  the  same  geological  formation.  In  judging 
of  the  value  of  our  mines,  the  important  fact  needs  al- 
ways to  be  borne  in  mind,  that  few  of  the  above  lodes 
have  been  developed  to  any  great  depth  ;  but  in  all 
instances,  when  sufficient  depth  has  been  reached,  these 
lodes  have  paid  well.  As  our  mining  interests  here  are, 
past  all  doubt,  a  success  in  the  aggregate,  we  look  upon 
the  lodes  we  have  named,  as  well  as  upon  many  others 
in  this  region,  as  being  valuable  property,  requiring  only 
capital,  time,  and  judicious  management,  to  answer  the 
high  expectations  of  their  respective  owners. 

The  confidence  and  energy  of  the  early  settlers  in  this 
Territory,  are  gradually  overcoming  all  obstacles,  and  the 
capital  will  eventually  be  made  here,  sufficient  to  place 
this  in  the  front  rank  of  the  mining  countries  of  the 
world. 

There  is  ample  room  here  for  large  and  profitable  in- 
vestment, and  a  general  cordiality  of  feeling  at  its  intro- 
duction. Conflicting  interests  in  the  ownership  of  claims 
are  not  greater  than  is  usual  in  all  new  countries.  There 
is  nothing  to  interfere  with  investments,  whether  made 
by  old  settlers  or  by  strangers. 

Very  respectfully, 

Your  ob'dt  servant, 

LYON,  PULLMAN  &  CO. 


27 

4 

OPINION  OF  JUDGE  HALL. 

Of  the  mineral  wealth  of  Gregory  District  (in  which 
the  Gregory  Company's  mill  and  a  large  proportion  of 
their  mines  are  situated),  the  following  evidence  is  given  : 
I  am  acquainted  with  many  of  the  claims  of  the  Greg- 
ory Mining  Company  and  know  they  are  regarded  in 
Colorado  as  being  very  valuable.  They  are  upon 
and  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of  the  lodes  from 
which  the  greater  part  of  the  gold  produced  in  Col- 
orado has  been  taken. 

(Signed)  BENJ.  F.  HALL, 

Late  Chief  Justice  of  Colorado. 


FROM  PROF.  E.  N.  KENT,  OF  THE  U.  S.  ASSAY  OFFICE, 
NEW  YORK. 

NEW  YORK,  September  26,  1863. 
LEWIS  N.  TAPPAN,  ESQ., 

DEAR  SIR  :  The  sample  of  Colorado  ore  marked 
"  Bobtail  Lode,"  assayed  for  you  this  day,  contains 
gold  to  the  value  of  $387 '-Li  per  ton  of  2000  Ibs. 

The  four  samples  marked  "  Bobtail,  Gregory  Ex- 
tension, Cotton  and  Fisk  Lodes,"  mixed  together  in 
equal  proportion,  gives  an  average  sample  which  con- 
tains gold  to  the  value  of  $116  -§-2-  per  ton. 

In  reply  to  your  note  accompanying  these  samples, 
I  have  to  state  that  I  believe  the  gold  mines  of  Colorado 
to  be  the  richest  in  the  world,  and  that  the  Gregory 
District  contains  the  richest  lodes  which  have  been 
developed. 


28 


The  ores,  however,  contain  several  other  metals 
besides  gold,  and  consequently  the  application  of 
science  and  improved  methods  of  working  are  neces- 
sary to  separate  the  gold  in  the  most  profitable  manner. 

Yours,  very  respectfully, 

EDWARD  N.  KENT,   Chemist. 


EXTRACTS  FROM  OFFICIAL  REPORTS. 

REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES  GEN- 
ERAL LAND  OFFICE. 

"Quartz  that  yields  $12  per  ton  will  pay  in  favora- 
ble localities,  but  there  are  veins  now  worked  that  will 
yield  from  $20  to  $500  per  ton,  and  some  that  will 
yield  from  $500  to  $2,000  per  ton.  Mines  that  barely 
paid  at  the  surface,  are  yielding  enormous  profits  at  a 
depth  of  150  'to  200  feet.  The  value  of  the  mines  is 
absolutely  incalculable  to  the  Government ;  they  may 
be  made  to  yield  just  in  proportion  to  the  number  of 
men  employed  in  working  them." 

FROM  THE  ANNUAL  REPORT  TO  HON.  S.  P.  CHASE,  SECRETAKY 
OF  THE  UNITED  STATES  TREASURY,  BY  THE  DIRECTOR  OF  THE 
PHILADELPHIA  MINT. 

"  The  deposits  of  gold  from  Colorado  Territory  have 
largely  increased,  and  the  daily  developments  of  the 
mineral  of  that  region  would  seem  to  indicate  that, 
before  many  years,  the  production  from  the  mines 
there  will  rival  in  amount  that  of  California." 


29 


CORRESPONDENCE     BETWEEN     EX-GOVERNOR    GILPIN 
AND  MR.  TAPPAN. 


FIFTH  AVENUE  HOTEL,  AUGUST  GTH,  1863. 
To  THE  HON.  WM.  GILPIN  :  * 

Sir  —  Being  aware  that  for  the  past  twenty  years  you 
have  been  familiar  with  the  mountain  system,  with  its 
snow-capped  peaks,  valleys,  and  parks,  lying  between 
the  Atlantic  and  Pacific  oceans,  and,  as  you  have  just 
returned  from  another  tour  of  observation  across  the 
continent  (from  the  gold  deposits  in  Colorado  to 
Washoe,  Nevada,  and  California),  I  would  be  gratified, 
if  agreeable  to  you,  to  learn  the  result  of  your  observa- 
tion, embracing  your  views  of  the  importance  of  the 
Colorado  Gold  Mines,  as  compared  with  the  mines  of 
the  districts  referred  to. 

Your  Obedient  Servant, 

LEWIS  N.  TAPPAN. 


NEW  YORK,  AUGUST  STH,  1863. 
To  LEWIS  N.  TAPPAN,  ESQ. 

In  reply  to  your  note  of  the  6th,  I  am  fully  confirmed 
by  a  re-examination  just  accomplished  across  the  conti- 
nent, in  the  correctness  of  my  predictions  made  in  the 
"  Central  Gold  Region,"  Gold  exists  in  Colorado 

*  Author  of  "  The  Central  Gold  Region.    The  Grain,  Pastoral,  and  Gold  Re- 
gions of  North  America."     Published  by  Sower,  Barnes  &  Co.,  Philadelphia. 


30 


Territory,  in  inexhaustible,  quantity.  This  area  of  gold- 
yielding  mountains  is  the  "  Sierra  Madre,"  or  primaeval 
cordillera,  being  the  purest  form  of  auriferous  rocks  on 
the  grandest  scale  of  massiveness. 

Undoubtedly,  Colorado  is  unequalled  in  capability  of 
realizing  mineral  wealth.  Here  will  rapidly  appear  a 
populous  state,  distinguished  by  industrial  energy  and 
great  prosperity. 

Cordially   yours, 

WILLIAM  GILPIN. 


From  the  speech  of  the  Hon.  H.  P.  Bennett,  of 
Colorado,  delivered  in  the  House  of  Representatives, 
Washington,  February  28th,  1863,  we  take  the  follow- 
ing extract  in  relation  to  these  gold  mines : 

'•  I  speak  from  the  united  testimony  of  many  practical 
miners,  who  have  spent  several  years  in  the  mines  of 
California,  when  I  say  that  the  gold-bearing  region  of 
Colorado  is  far  more  extensive,  quite  as  inexhaustible, 
and  the  gold-bearing  quartz  of  a  much  richer  quality, 
than  California.  I  make  this  comparison  to  give  by  it 
to  the  world  a  better  idea  of  the  extent  and  richness  of 
these  mines,  and  not  with  any  desire  to  depreciate  in 
the  least  regard  the  fabulous  wealth  which  still  remains 
4  from  everlasting  to  everlasting'  in  the  mines  of  Cali- 
fornia. 

"All  things  considered,  can  there  be  a  safer  invest- 
ment than  in  the  stocks  of  the  bullion  banks  of 
Colorado  ?  The  vaults  of  these  banks  are  filled  with  an 
inexhaustible  treasure,  placed  on  deposit  there  by  the 


Almighty  hand,  and  made  subject  to  the  drafts  of  man. 
These  banks  are  always  specie-paying,  and  their  vaults 
are  numerous,  long,  wide,  and  deep.  There  is  no  risk 
in  this  business.  The  capitalist  is  but  following  in  a 
beaten  path.  The  experiment  has  been  made  by  those 
who  have  gone  before,  and  their  success  is  inviting  him 
to  follow  quickly.  Ten,  twenty,  fifty,  a  hundred,  five 
hundred  thousand  dollars  may  find  ready  and  very 
profitable  investment  without  any  possibility  of  failure, 
if  he  will  but  exercise  the  most  ordinary  precaution. 
Only  consider  it  for  a  moment :  the  man  of  means,  with 
a  quartz  mill  of  twelve  stamps  and  suitable  saving 
apparatus,  will  crush  quartz-rock  that  yields  from  three 
hundred  to  seven  hundred  dollars  to  the  cord,  out  of 
which  he  can  realize  from  one  thousand  to  five 
thousand  dollars  per  week.  Investments  of  capital  in 
these  gold  fields,  instead  of  paying  from  five  to  ten  per 
cent,  will  double  and  triple  every  year." 


LETTER  FROM   MESSRS.  LEE,  JUDD  &  LEE,  MINERS    OF 
BLACK  HAWK. 

To  THE  "GREGORY  MINING  COMPANY:" 

In  answer  to  the  request  to  give  our  views  of  the 
merits  of  the  late  purchase,  by  your  Company,  of  mill 
and  mining  property  located  principally  at  Black  Hawk, 
Gregory  District,  Colorado  Territory,  we  would  say  that 
the  quartz  mill  is  exceedingly  well  situated,  being  adja- 
cent to  your  gold  mines,  with  North  Clear  Creek  flowing 
through  the  mill  site,  furnishing  a  constant  supply  of 
water  for  the  Engine  and  Batteries.  It  is  situate  but 


32 


a  few  hundred  feet  from  two  foundries  and  machine- 
shops,  which  is  a  consideration  in  case  of  accidents  to 
machinery,  or  a  desire  to  introduce  new  machinery. 
Your  Lodes,  or  gold  producing  mines,  are  in  the  well 
known  Gregory  District,  where  the  first  discoveries  of 
gold  in  Colorado,  were  made.  Some  of  your  mining 
property  is  undeveloped,  hence  we  cannot  speak  posi- 
tively of  the  richness  of  all  of  them ;  but  your  posses- 
sions on  the  Bobtail  Lode,  Gregory  Extension  Lode, 
the  Cotton  Lode,  and  the  Fisk  Lode,  are  too  well  known 
to  require  comment.  We  will  simply  say,  that  a  very 
large  proportion  of  the  gold  produced  in  Colorado,  has 
been  taken  from  these  Lodes.  Of  our  own  experience 
we  can  say,  that  we  have  taken  from  the  Bobtail  Lode 
$1200  of  gold  to  the  cord  of  quartz,  at  a  cost  of  less 
than  $100. 

We  are  confident  that  nearly  or  quite  the  same  results 
have  been  obtained  by  others,  from  the  Gregory  Exten- 
sion Lode. 

We  do  not  say  that  such  results  are  constant ;  but  we 
do  believe  that  with  moderate  capital  and  common 
sense,  the  property  in  your  possession  will  prove  a  very 
valuable  one. 

The  Tunnel  privileges  into  the  Bobtail  hill  are  of 
great  importance,  penetrating  many  of  the  richest  lodes 
in  the  country. 

LEE,  JUDD  &  LEE. 


33 


EXECUTIVE  DEPARTMENT,  COLORADO  TERRITORY, 
CENTER,  MAY  25TH,   1863. 

To    WHOM    IT    MAY    CONCERN  : 

Mr.  Lewis  N.  Tappan  has  recently,  as  I  learn, 
purchased  large  interests  in  the  Gregory  District  gold 
mines. 

I  am  not  personally  acquainted  with  the  character  of 
his  interests,  but  hear  them  well  spoken  of. 

This  District  is  of  exceeding  richness,  and  is  now 
yielding  the  greater  part  of  the  large  gold  product  of 
Colorado  Territory. 

I  am  satisfied  that  there  is  abundant  opportunity  for 
immensely  profitable  investment,  if  judiciously  made,  in 
this  District. 

Very  Respectfully, 

JOHN  EVANS, 
Governor  Colorado  Territory. 


COLORADO,  MAY  K)TH,  1863. 

To    WHOM    IT    MAY    CONCERN: 

This  is  to  certify,  that  we  had  a  lease  of  the  Quartz 
Mill,  now  owned  by  the  Gregory  Gold  Mining  Com- 
pany, and  know  the  same  to  be  an  excellent  mill ; 
the  engine  and  machinery  being  in  good  repair,  and 
performing  first-rate  service.  It  is  located  in  the  cen- 
tre of  the  richest  mining  district,  and  being  well  pro- 
vided with  good  clean  water. 

We  do  not  hesitate  to  state  that  it  is  one  of  the  best 
gold  saving  mills  in  the  country,  and  as  such  is  gener- 
5 


34 


ally  known  by  all  miners  and  business  men.  The  above 
mill  is  capable  of  crushing  from  twelve  to  fifteen  tons 
per  day. 

DALTON  &  BATES. 


BLACK  HAWK,  COLORADO,  JULY  lOin,  1863. 

To   WHOM   IT   MAY    CONCERN: 

This  is  to  certify,  that  I  am  a  resident  of  Colorado 
Territory,  and  have  been  for  the  past  three  years.  Am 
engaged  in  the  business  of  mining  and  quartz-milling ; 
am  well  acquainted  with  the  location  of  the  mill  and 
mining  property  belonging  to  the  Gregory  Mining  Com- 
pany. The  mill  and  mines  are  well  located,  the  mines 
being  situated  upon  lodes  which  are  considered,  and 
have  proved  to  be,  the  best  in  the  Territory. 

J.  A.  HALE, 
Of  J.  A.  Hale  &  Co. 


LEGAL  OPINION. 
To  ALL  WHOM  IT  MAY  CONCERN: 

I  have  carefully  examined  the  abstracts,  deeds  and 
other  muniments  relating  to  the  title  of  LEWIS  N. 
TAPPAN,ESQ.,*  to  the  following  mineral  and  other  lands 
in  the  Territory  of  Colorado,  with  a  view  of  ascertaining 
whether  the  title  thereto  is  vested  in  said  Tappan  by  the 
laws  in  force  in  said  Territory,  and  I  find,  upon  such 
examination,  that  the  title  of  said  LEWIS  N.  TAPPAN 

*  The  title  to  the  property  described  has  been  conveyed  by  Mr.  Tappan  to  the 
Gregory  Gold  Mining  Company  of  Colorado. 


35 


thereunto,  is  perfect  according  to  the  statutes  of  said 
Territory,  as  the  same  have  been  expounded  by  the 
Courts. 

The  property  above  referred  to  is  as  follows : 

One  stamp  mill  site,  on  North  Clear  Creek,  near 
Black  Hawk  Point,  with  steam  quartz  mill  and  an  office 
and  blacksmith  shop. 

All  of  Gold  Mining  Claims  Nos.  17  and  30,  and  fifty 
feet  of  Claims  Nos.  3  and  16,  west  on  the  Bobtail  Lode. 

All  of  Claims  Nos.  9,  10  and  11,  and  fifty  feet  of 
Claim  No.  16,  east  on  the  Fisk  Lode,  together  with  an 
undivided  right  to  one-half  of  roadway  thereto. 

Fifty  feet  of  Claim  No.  1,  east  on  the  Galena  Lode, 

One  hundred  feet  of  Claim  No.  2,  west  on  the  Enter- 
prise Lode.  (Extension  of  the  Running  Lode.) 

Fifty  feet  of  Claim  No.  7,  west  on  the  Cotton  Lode. 

Fifty  feet  of  Claim  No.  1,  east  on  the  Michigan  Lode. 

Four  hundred  feet,  more  or  less,  on  the  Gregory 
Extension  Lode,  being  two-thirds  of  the  undivided  one- 
half  of  six  hundred  feet,  and  the  whole  of  two  preemp- 
tion claims  on  the  same  lode.* 

East  fifty  feet  of  Claim  number  4  on  the  "Tucker 
Lode." 

Two  hundred  feet  on  the  Gregory  Second  Lode, 
known  as  the  Tascher  Tunnel  Claims. 

Eight  hundred  feet,  being  all  of  Claims  Nos.  1,  2,  3, 
4,  5,  6,  7,  8,  east  on  the  Torrington  Lode. 

One  hundred  feet,  being  all  of  Claim  No.  1,  west  on 
Waterport  Lode. 

*  A  division  of  the  property  is  agreed  upon  by  all  parties  interested,  whereby 
the  Gregory  Mining  Company  will  possess,  in  all,  400  contiguous  feet. 


One  hundred  feet,  Claim  No.  9,  and  one  hundred  feet, 
Claim  No.  10,  west  on  the  Elephant  Lode. 
.    One  hundred  feet,*  being  all  of  the  discovery  claim, 
on  the  Whale  Lode. 

Twenty-two  hundred  feet  of  water  power  on  South 
Clear  Creek  ;  (preempted  by  Stanton  &  Co). 

Nine  hundred  feet  of  water  power  in  Grass  Valley, 
on  South  Clear  Creek. 

Seven  hundred  and  fifty  feet  of  Bar  Mining  Claims  on 
South  Clear  Creek;  (preempted  by  Stanton  &  Co). 

Six  shares  of  one  thousand  dollars  each,  of  the  capital 
stock  of  the  corporation  styled  the  Bobtail  Tunnel 
Company. 

One  tunnel  claim  and  priveleges  located  in  the  same 
hill  as  the  Bobtail  Tunnel,  and  five  hundred  feet  distant 
from  same. 

One  tunnel  claim  and  priveleges,  situated  about  one- 
fourth  of  a  mile  from  the  stamp  mill,  first  above  enum- 
erated, and  intended  to  open  up  another  series  of  gold 
bearing  lodes. 

BENJ.  F.  HALL, 

Late  Chief  Justice  of  Colorado. 

P.  S. — I  am  acquainted  with  most  of  the  above 
described  claims  and  know  that  they  are  regarded  in 
Colorado  as  being  very  valuable.  They  are  upon  and 
in  the  immediate  vicinity  of  the  lodes  from  which  the 
greater  part  of  the  gold  produced  in  Colorado  has  been 
taken.  They  are  near  the  mill,  moreover,  which  is  a 
great  practical  advantage  over  many  other  claims  in 
working  them  economically. 

BENJ.  F.  HALL. 


ERRATA. 

5th  page,  10th  line,  should  be  added  No.  7  on  Fiske 'Lode, 
with  shaft  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  feet  deep. 

10th  page,  7th  line,  '•  three  hundred  and  fifty  feet,"  on  the 
Fiske  Lode,  should  read /bur  hundred  and  fifty. 

35th  page,  10th  line,  should  read -7,  9,  10  and  11. 


